PandaX is an experimental program which employs a series of xenon detectors to search for elusive dark matter particles and to study the fundamental properties of neutrinos. PandaX was founded in 2009 by Prof. Xiangdong Ji, who also served as the first spokesperson of the collaboration until 2018. Up to now, the collaboration has constructed and operated three generation of experiments, PandaX-I, PandaX-II, and PandaX-4T, with active target masses of 120 kg, 580 kg, and 3.7 tonne, respectively. The collaboration is also preparing for the next generation multi-ten-tonne experiment, PandaX-xT, aimed to be an ultimate dark matter direct detection experiment and a leading project to test the Majorana nature of the neutrinos.
PandaX-II is a dark matter direct detection experiment equipped with a half-ton scale dual-phase time projection chamber (TPC), operated in CJPL between Oct. 2014 and June 2019. In 2016 and 2017, PandaX-II produced the world leading constraints to dark matter-nucleon interactions.
With 6-ton of total Xenon and 4-ton sensitive target, PandaX-4T aims to improve the dark matter sensitivity by one order of magnitude in comparison to PandaX-II. PandaX-4T also plans to make sensitive searches on neutrinoless double beta decay of , and other signals from new physics. This project has been commissioned in 2021 and started data taking since then.
PandaX-III is a R&D effort to develop a high pressure gaseous Xenon TPC as a potential technology to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay of .
2026年4月6日至12日，第二届PandaX-xT国际开放在李政道研究所成功举办。这是PandaX合作组织自2025年以来举办的第二次国际开放会议。会议吸引了来自美国、英国会议、法国、德国、日本、俄罗斯、捷克、斯洛伐克、澳大利亚、中国大陆和中国台湾地区的近百名研究人员。会议由上海交通大学牛一飞教授、李政道研究所刘江来教授、科梅纽斯大学费多尔·希姆科维奇教授和中国科学技术大学林青教授共同主持。
由李政道研究所牵头、中国锦屏地下运营实验室的PandaX（粒子与天体物理队列实验）项目，旨在通过一系列逐步升级的队列探索暗物质粒子和中微子特性。PandaX-xT被推进为后续吨级超低本底液团队列平台，专门用于寻找暗物质、马约拉纳中微子、低能天体物理中微子以及其他罕见的回应。目前，PandaX-4T实验已于2021年开始运行，合作团队正积极推进未来PandaX-xT重力系统的研发。
Whether neutrinos are Majorana particles—that is, whether neutrinos are their own antiparticles—remains one of the most fundamental open questions in particle physics. Scientists worldwide are searching deep underground for the extremely rare process known as neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ), which would provide a crucial test of the Majorana nature of neutrinos. To reliably identify 0νββ, however, it is first essential to precisely measure the spectral shape and half-life of the Standard Model-allowed two-neutrino double-beta decay process (2νββ).
The PandaX Collaboration has been awarded an NSFC-funded international collaborative research grant for a project titled “Development of Key Techniques for Solar Neutrino Measurements with a Deep Underground Xenon Detector.” This project aims to advance neutrino physics by utilizing the facilities at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), the world’s deepest underground laboratory.
